THE PURPOSE OF ICT
-is to describe the components of Information and Communications Technologies
-also describe the hardware components of a pc and software for personal computers.
Computer - is an electronic machine that process data according to instruction
TYPES OF COMPUTERS
- Main frame is a large, powerful computer that can serve a large number of users at the same time.
- Mini computer is a small sized computer that stand alone with attached terminals and other devices.
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- Thin client is a computer with few locally stored programs and depend heavily on network.
- Laptop computer is smaller than a brief case and it can be used in a temporary space .
- Multimedia it is a computer that is optimized for a high multimedia performance.
- PDA is a term of any small mobile hand held that provides computing and information storage.
- Tablet is a wireless, portable personal computer with a touch screen feature.
- Smartphone is a cellular telephone with an intergrated computer and other features not originally associated with the telephone like operating system.
PERIPHERALS
- are devices that can be added to the computer and could be input and output device. TYPE OF PERIPHERALS
- Speaker
- Keyboard and mouse
- Scanner
- Printer
- modem
- Digital Camera
- Microphone
- Plotters
INPUT DEVICE ARE USED TO INPUT INFORMATION
- Keyboard
- mouse
- Scanner
- Microphone
- Digital Camera
OUTPUT DEVICE ARE USED TO DISPLAY/OUTPUT INFORMATION
- Monitor
- Speaker
- Printer INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICES ARE DEVICES THAT FIT UNDER BOTH.
- CD Rom
- Flash drive
- Touchscreen
- Modem
- Floppy disk PORTS IS A PHYSICAL DOCKING POINT USING WHICH AN EXTERNAL DEVICE CAN BE CONNECT TO THE COMPUTER
TYPES OF PORTS
- VGA port is for Visual/Video
- Power connector is a Three pronged plug used to connect power cable.
- Serial port is used for external modems and older computer mouse.
- Parallel port is used to connect printers and scanners
- USB port is used to connect is used to connect all USB external devices.
- PS/2 is used for older computer mouse and keyboard
- Modem port is used to connect network cable.
- Game port is used to connect joystick to a pc
- Sockets connects microphones, speaker and earphones.
HARDWARE
- is a physical part of the computer that you can see and touch.
HARDWARE COMPONENTS
-Motherboard is a set of a computer hardware components arranged so that they are physically connected.
- CPU it manages all the computer operations.
- RAM makes the space available for your computer to read and write data to be accessed by CPU.
- ROM contains data that cannot be modified and hence retain it even when the computer is switched off.
- Modem is an electronic device that enables a computer to communicate with other computers over a network.
- Sound card enables the computer to produce sound to be broadcasted through the speakers.
- Graphic card enables the computer to transform data into pictures to be displayed on the monitor.
- Input devices are used to enter data into the computer and also instruct it what to do.
- Output devices their function is to transform all output information into text, animated, sound and static images.
SOFTWARE
- it’s the information that computer uses to get the job done.
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
* OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE - is a software that communicates with the hardware and allows other programs to run, also controls the overall activity of the computer.
* APPLICATION SOFTWARE - lets you accomplish tasks, such as writing a letter, or adding a column of figures, so it’s the software that do your work. Examples of applications are word processing, spreadsheet and presentation.
COMPUTER NETWORK * INFORMATION NETWORK - is a set of two or more computers connected together to share information and resources like printer and hard disk.
* DATA COMMUNICATION
- is the transmission of electronic data over some media.
* TELECOMMUNICTAION
- is a process of transferring information over a distance through radio waves and optical signals.
THE USES OF COMPUTER NETWORK
- Network are used to access shared data
- Networks are used to send email with attachments
- Network are used to communicate globally
THE BENEFITS OF COMPUTER NETWORK
*HELPS TO ENHANCE CONNECTIVITY
- Network connect and link unlimited number of computers.
* NETWORKING HELPS IN SHARING OF HARDWARE
- Network helps in sharing of different kinds of hardware for example sharing a single printer in an office of twenty people is done through networking of wires.
* INTERNET
- The beautiful gift of networking Is that internet is massively used by people all over the world
* DATA SHARING
- sharing data through the network helps save a lot of time and energy
* NETWORKING HAS PROMOTED GAMING
- many game players are playing games all over the world using the common servers.
LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK)
- supplies networking capability to a group of computers in close proximity to each other such as an office business, school or at home.
ADSL (ASYNNETRIC DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE)
- IS an internet connectivity technology that within South Africa enables an ordinary telephone line to reach speeds of up to 490kbps.
TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES
- Hard dive
- Floppy disk drive
- Zip drives
- Tape streamer
- Flash drive
- Cd- Rom drive
- Cd
- USB
HARDWARE MAINTANANCE
The electronic parts of a computer should always be treated with care. Do not
- Remove the cover of the computer
- Remove the hardware parts
- Drop the computer, as the electronic hardware inside is very sensitive and may sustain damage
- Spill liquids on the hardware
- Drop or throw the mouse or keyboard around
Always
- keep the computer and other hardware components in a cool dry place
- Remove the cd rom from the cd rom drive
- close the cd rom drive after use
- remove the stiffy from the stiffy drive
THE FLOW OF INFORMATION INTO A PC
- Rom is responsible for the startup sequence of the pc. The startup sequence ends when windows appear on the monitor.
DEFINATIONS
* OPERATING SYSTEM
- Is a software that communicates with the hardware and allows other programs to run.
* PROGRAMS
- Is an executable software that runs on a computer.
* APPLICATIONS
- Is a software that runs on your computer.
* NETWORK
- two or more computers connected to each other.
